Lucie Blais est détentrice d’un doctorat en épidémiologie et biostatistique de l'Université McGill. Elle est professeure titulaire, vice-doyenne aux affaires professorales et secrétaire de faculté à la Faculté de pharmacie de l'Université de Montréal. Elle est chercheure au Centre de recherche de l'Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal et chercheure associée au Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke.
Depuis 1999, Lucie Blais est co-titulaire de la Chaire de recherche Astra-Zeneca en santé respiratoire. Entre les années 2001 et 2012 elle a obtenu des bourses salariales du Fonds de Recherche du Québec – Santé (FRQS) et de l'Institut de recherche en santé du Canada (IRSC). Ses recherches portent essentiellement sur la pharmaco-épidémiologie des maladies respiratoires et sont majoritairement financées par les IRSC et le FRQS.
Son programme de recherche comprend deux axes principaux, un premier sur la sécurité et l'efficacité des médicaments contre l'asthme pendant la grossesse, et le second, sur la prescription, l'utilisation, l’innocuité et l'efficacité en situation réelle des médicaments respiratoires. Elle compte à son actif plus de 150 publications scientifiques en plus de nombreuses supervisions d’étudiants aux cycles supérieurs.
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